Both genders experienced and were involved in high levels of violence. Also in 2004, a UN-backed war crimes court began holding trials of senior leaders from both sides of the war. The Krio have traditionally dominated Sierra Leone's judiciary and Freetown's elected city council. Hundreds of thousands of people were forced from their homes and many became refugees in Guinea and Liberia. Makeni is also governed by a directly elected city council that is headed by the Mayor. Most Sierra Leonean Muslims of the Sunni and Ahmadiyya sect generally pray together in the same mosque. [215] Teacher training colleges and religious seminaries are found in many parts of the country. [79], Education in Sierra Leone is legally required for all children for six years at primary level (Class P1-P6) and three years in junior secondary education,[211] but a shortage of schools and teachers has made implementation impossible. The 1898 Hut Tax rebellion occurred as a response to British attempts to impose an annual tax on all houses in the country. [40], Many in London thought that moving them to Sierra Leone would lift them out of poverty. She employed her capacity for friendly communications to persuade the British to give her control of the Kpaa Mende chiefdom. Home Counties and Regions Maps Sierra Leone Provinces and Districts. It also has one of the lowest population densities in the country with just over 400,000 people recorded in the 2015 census. Pressures to end colonialism had as much to do with Britains weakened position following World War II as it did with the pan-African demands for autonomy. He, like Bai Bureh, resisted the British. [78] Sir Albert Margai took power and sought to make the army homogeneously Mende. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 90.2 (2012): 120-127F. Sir Albert resorted to increasingly authoritarian actions in response to protests and enacted several laws against the opposition All People's Congress, whilst attempting to establish a one-party state. The provinces of Sierra Leone are divided into 16 districts, as of July 2017. Kenema is the most populated district in Sierra Leone, according to the preliminary report of the final result of the Mid-Term Census report released by Statistics Sierra Leone (Stats SL) last week. Since the end of hostilities in January 2002, massive infusions of outside assistance have helped Sierra Leone begin to recover.[147]. [200] The Council of Churches is the Christian religious organisation that is made up of Protestant churches across Sierra Leone. There are a number of cultural attractions in Freetown, such as the Sierra Leone National Museum and various historical landmarks related to the founding of the city. Former President Siaka Stevens' government had sought closer relations with other West African countries under the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) a policy continued by the current government. With the lack of new faces in the new APC cabinet under president Momoh and the return of many of the old faces from Stevens' government, criticisms soon arose that Momoh was simply perpetuating the rule of Stevens. The Mende predominate in South-Eastern Sierra Leone (with the exception of Kono District). The hostage crisis resulted in more fighting between the RUF and the government as UN troops launched Operation Khukri to end the siege. Fourteen clubs from across the country compete in the Sierra Leone Premier League. In October 2000, a UN-approved certification system for exporting diamonds from the country was put in place and led to a dramatic increase in legal exports. Many senior officers in the Sierra Leone Army were greatly disappointed with Stevens' policies and his handling of the Sierra Leone Military, but none could confront Stevens. The executive branch of the Government of Sierra Leone, headed by the president of Sierra Leone has extensive powers and influences. [165], English is the official language,[166] spoken at schools, government administration and in the media. Strasser replaced Musa as deputy NPRC chairman with Captain Bio, who was instantly promoted by Strasser to brigadier. town in the district of the same name and was the colonial rulers . Freetown, a major port city on the Atlantic Ocean, is the biggest and capital city of Sierra Leone. The situation in the country deteriorated to such an extent that British troops were deployed in Operation Palliser, originally simply to evacuate foreign nationals. The names of the four provinces are straightforward and related to their geographical position: The Western Area contains the capital of Sierra Leone, Freetown. What Are The Biggest Industries In Sierra Leone? [53], At about the same time (following the abolition of the slave trade in 1807), Royal Navy crews delivered thousands of formerly enslaved Africans to Freetown, after liberating them from illegal slave ships. About 2% of the country's population are Creole people, descendants of freed African-American and Afro-Caribbean slaves. The reasons for the significant differences between the 2015 and 2021 figures are unclear. Freetown Area: 77.1 mile - 124.1 km radius. The two biggest and most successful football clubs are East End Lions and Mighty Blackpool. The current Governor of the Bank of Sierra Leone Kaifala Marah is an ethnic Kuranko. Male same-sex sexual activity is illegal under Section 61 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861, and imprisonment for life is possible. The large majority of Sierra Leonean Christians are Protestant, of which the largest groups are the Wesleyan Methodists. [79] Not having the capital to start a new business is the biggest barrier for women. Stevens reorganised the country's oil refinery, the government-owned Cape Sierra Hotel, and a cement factory. Nwauwa, Apollos O. List of districts of Sierra Leone by Human Development Index, "Sierra Leone unveils new geographical map", "National Electoral Commission - Press Release", "2015 Population and Housing Census Final Results", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Districts_of_Sierra_Leone&oldid=1114634415, This page was last edited on 7 October 2022, at 13:52. It is the fifth-largest city in Sierra Leone, and the Tenme people make up the largest ethnic group in the city. The Western Area is divided into two districts. [221] The establishment of the Coalition was concurrent with the declaration by the 72nd World Health Assembly that emergency care systems are essential to universal health coverage. Margai was accused of favouring members of his own Mende ethnic group for prominent positions. He created several government institutions that are still in use today. [citation needed]. The central bank is the Bank of Sierra Leone. In his first public broadcast to the nation following the 1996 coup, Brigadier Bio stated that his support for returning Sierra Leone to a democratically elected civilian government and his commitment to ending the civil war were his motivations for the coup. 2004 saw a population of four million, nine hundred and seventy-six thousand eight hundred and seventy-one (4,976,871) and in the 2015 census Sierra Leone recorded a total population of seven million and ninety-two thousand, one hundred and thirteen (7,092,113), the last census before the latest mid-term population and housing census which indicated a total of eight hundred and forty-three thousand two hundred and fifty-four (843,254) residential buildings, whilst for non-residential a total of seven thousand five hundred and three ( 7,503). For several months, Bureh's fighters had the advantage over the vastly more powerful British forces but both sides suffered hundreds of fatalities. Until 2017, there were only three Sierra Leone provinces, and there were previously fewer districts and chiefdoms as well. There is a huge police presence inside and outside the national stadium during a match between the two great rivals to prevent a clash. [161] There were plans to increase its capacity 400 megawatts by 2017 which would cost around $750 million. No style is the best. It is by far the most populous district in the country with a population of 1,050,301 and is located in the Western Area of the country. Many Sierra Leonean youth, children and adults follow the major football leagues in Europe, particularly the English Premier League, Italian Serie A, Spanish La Liga, German Bundesliga and French Ligue 1. [121] Sierra Leone is a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US military (as covered under Article 98). Sir Albert was accused of corruption and of a policy of affirmative action in favour of his own Mende ethnic group. In 1978, the APC-dominant parliament approved a new constitution making the country a one-party state. President Momoh appointed his former military colleague and key ally, Major General Mohamed Tarawalie to succeed him as the head of the Sierra Leone Military. Supreme executive authority rests in the president and members of his cabinet and judicial power with the judiciary of which the Chief Justice of Sierra Leone is the head. This is due to substandard safety standards.[154]. The vast majority of Limba support the All People's Congress (APC) political party. There are a few internationally linked automated teller machines that accept Visa cards in Freetown operated by ProCredit Bank. . [69] Owing to the astute politics of Milton Margai, the educated Protectorate elites were able to join forces with the paramount chiefs in the face of Krio intransigence. Siaka Stevens retired from politics in November 1985 after being in power for eighteen years. The Crown did not supply enough basic supplies and provisions and the Settlers were continually threatened by illegal slave trading and the risk of re-enslavement. When the Leone Stars win an important match, many youth across the county rush to the street to celebrate. Njala University was established as the Njala Agricultural Experimental Station in 1910 and became a university in 2005. The RSLMF was renamed as the Armed Forces of the Republic of Sierra Leone (AFRSL). Stevens held on to this position for 14 years (until 1985) under a one-party system of government facilitated by the controversial 1978 Constitution. [61] The British established Fourah Bay College in 1827, which rapidly became a magnet for English-speaking Africans on the West Coast. The interior plateau and mountain region, encompassing roughly the eastern half of the country, is composed mainly of granite with a thick laterite (iron-bearing) crust; to the west, it is bounded by a narrow outcrop of mineral-bearing metamorphic rocks known as the Kambui Schists. Covering a total area of 71,740km2 (27,699sqmi),[12] Sierra Leone has a tropical climate, with diverse environments ranging from savanna to rainforests. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com. The vast majority of Kissi are Christians. [36] Sir Francis Drake reached Sierra Leone on 22 July 1580 as the last stop of his voyage along the west coast of Africa. The Susu and their related Yalunka are traders; both groups are primarily found in the far north in Kambia and Koinadugu District close to the border with Guinea. The Njala University is the second largest university in Sierra Leone located in Bo city. Descendants of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Fula migrant settlers from the Fouta Djalon region of Guinea, they live primarily in the northeast and the western area of Sierra Leone. Several mudslides occurred in the early hours of 14 August 2017 in and near the country's capital Freetown. [184] Shia Islam does not have a strong presence in Sierra Leone, and there are virtually no Shia Muslims in the country. To formalise his war against corruption, President Momoh announced a "Code of Conduct for Political Leaders and Public Servants". In December 2005, UN peacekeeping forces pulled out of Sierra Leone. [87] This move led to another major demonstration against the government in many parts of the country, but it was also put down by the army and Stevens' SSD force. Sheikh Muhammad Taha Jalloh is the president of the Sierra Leone Supreme Islamic Council. In November 1951, Margai oversaw the drafting of a new constitution, which united the separate Colonial and Protectorate legislatures and provided a framework for decolonisation. 267,266. In the 1860s, the country became a journalist hub for Africa, with professionals travelling to the country from across the continent. [216], The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the population is 1.6%, higher than the world average of 1% but lower than the average of 6.1% across Sub-Saharan Africa. Bombali District, Sierra Leone map with nearby places of interest (Wikipedia articles, food, lodging, parks, etc). [28] The use of iron was adopted by the ninth century, and by 1000 AD, agriculture was being practised along the coast. But if a woman gets married, she will not be entitled as the head of the house any more. . Many Ahmadiyya Muslims in Sierra Leone also follow the Maliki Jurisprudence. Elements of the British Army, together with administrators and politicians, remained after withdrawal to help train the armed forces, improve the infrastructure of the country and administer financial and material aid. [217], Medical care is not readily accessible, with doctors and hospitals out of reach for many villagers. The judicial power of Sierra Leone is vested in the judiciary, headed by the Chief Justice of Sierra Leone and comprising the Supreme Court of Sierra Leone, which is the highest court in the country, meaning that its rulings, therefore, cannot be appealed against. This ended its 16years of running the Colony. [254][255], Under legislation enacted in 1980, all newspapers must register with the Ministry of Information and pay sizeable registration fees. This would imply that the identity of the person who named Sierra Leone is unknown. 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